Installing Cygwin on Windows 7 And Configure SSH

Configure ssh daemon

1. Open Cygwin command prompt
2. Execute the following command

   ssh-host-config

3. When asked if privilege separation should be used, answer no.
4. When asked if sshd should be installed as a service, answer yes.
5. When asked about the value of CYGWIN environment variable enter ntsec.
6. Here is the example session of this command, note that the input typed by the user is shown in pink and output from the system is shown in gray.
   

   Example of using ssh-host-config

Start SSH daemon

1. Find my computer icon either on your desktop or in the start-up menu, right-click on it and select Manage from the context menu.
2. Open Services and Applications in the left-hand panel then select theServices item.
3. Find the CYGWIN sshd item in the main section and right-click on it.
4. Select Start from the context menu.

    
   Start SSHD service

5. A small window should pop-up indicating the progress of the service start-up. After that window disappears the status of CYGWIN sshd service should change to Started.

Setup authorization keys

Eclipse plugins and hadoop scripts require ssh authentication to be performed through authorization keys rather than through passwords. To enable key based authorization you have to setup authorization keys. The following steps describe how to do it.

1. Open cygwin command prompt
2. Execute the following command to generate keys

   ssh-keygen

3. When prompted for filenames and pass phrases press ENTER to accept default values.
4. After command has finished generating they key, enter the following command to change into your .ssh directory

   cd ~/.ssh

5. Check if the keys where indeed generated by executing the following command

   ls -l

   You should see two file id_rsa.pub and id_rsa with the recent creation dates. These files contain authorization keys.

6. To register the new authorization keys enter the following command. Note that double brackets, they are very important.

   cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys

7. Now check if the keys where set-up correctly by executing the following command

   ssh localhost

   Since it is a new ssh installation you warned that authenticity of the host could not be established and will be prompted whether you really want to connect, answer yes and press ENTER. You should see the cygwin prompt again, which means that you have successfully connected.

8. Now execute the command again

   ssh localhost

   This time you should not be prompted for anything.

Setting up authorization keys

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原文：http://www.cnblogs.com/yefengmeander/p/3619496.html